A Marxist View Of Crime And Punishment. Dostoevsky’S Crime

A Marxist View of Crime and Punishment Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment demonstrates the hardships of exclusion from Russia’s society in the 1900’s. Raskolnikov loiters about the streets of Saint Petersburg while trying to make friends with people even though he will end up stabbing them in the back later on.. Crime and Punishment has a recurring Marxist theme where Raskolnikov becomes a proletarian leader driven by the famous idea of Nietzschean, ubermensch ideology. Although, in comparison to Nietzsche’s major philosophy of a Napoleonic will to rule, Dostoevsky reforms his characters with Christian forgiveness. This essay is showing the analyzation of Crime and Punishment as if it were a Marxist piece of literature that shows the†¦show more content†¦An example of this is when her husband dies and she overspends on an exotic funeral even though her financial situation doesn’t necessarily allow for it at all.The idea comes from a risky made up lie to prove to other that she ca me from nobility, â€Å"[†¦she wanted to show] that she had been brought up ‘in a noble, one might even say aristocratic, colonel’s house,’ and was not at all prepared for sweeping the floor herself and washing the children’s rags at night†. Ivanovna’s current position shows the case of hopelessness that Raskolnikov is always being shown in Saint Petersburg. The sociopathic mental illness Ivanovna suffers from is pathetic. Her tries at becoming apart of the upper class falls apart when she gets in an argument with her landlord which shows everyone that she isn t aristocratic at all. The lower class struggle of exclusion from the upper class is made even more real due to the lack of economic power and the desperate need to dictate social determinism. Furthermore, Ivanovna’s step daughter and Raskolnikov’s paradigmatic, savior Sonya, was forced to become a prostitute to support and sustain her family. Luzhin is the prime example of the marxist antagonist in Crime and Punishment. He is also the fiancà © of Dunya who happens to be Raskolnikov’s sister. Luzhin’s lust for ultimate control and dominance is shown is hisShow MoreRelated Reason for the Weak1992 Words   |  8 Pagesand moral principles, often in the belief that life is meaningless can lead to chaos and suffering of a society. With Crime and Punishment Fyodor Dostoevsky portrays that Russian nihilism, a philosophy based on extreme rationalism, will never successfully exist because it inherently contradicts human emotions, through the relentless examination of Raskolnikov’s experiences in a Marxist society. In his own personal philosophy, Raskolnikov’s alienation from society leads him to believe that he is superiorRead MoreLiterature and Politics the Impact of Dostoevsky9582 Words   |  39 PagesDOSTOEVSKY Dostoevsky and the Legend of the Grand Inquisitor, by Vasily Rozanov. Translated and with an Afterword by Spencer E. Roberts. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1972. Pp. xi. 232. $12.50. Political Apocalypse. A Study of Dostoevskys Grand Inquisitor, by Ellis Sandoz. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1971, Pp. xviii. 263. $13.50.* ostoevskys great novels have spawned a vast library of critical 1/literature, a library which extends well beyond traditionalRead MoreExistentialism vs Essentialism23287 Words   |  94 Pagesdid not possess them, it would cease to be. There are other sorts of properties that an object possesses but that do not make the object what it is. Furthermore, essentialism holds that natural things do have essences. * In the existentialist view, the problem of being must take precedence over that knowledge in philosophical investigations. Being cannot be made a subject of objective enquiry; it is revealed to individual by reflection on his own unique concrete existence in time and space.

Doctor Faustus as Tragic Hero Essay examples - 3317 Words

Doctor Faustus as Tragic Hero Doctor Faustus died a death that few could bear to imagine, much less experience. After knowing for many years when exactly he would die, he reached the stroke of the hour of his destiny in a cowardly, horrid demeanor. Finally, when the devils appeared at the stroke of midnight, tearing at his flesh as they draw him into his eternal torment, he screams for mercy without a soul, not even God Himself, to help him. However, what to consider Doctor John Faustus from Christopher Marlows dramatic masterpiece The Tragical History of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus is a very debatable issue. For example, one can see that he threw his life away for the sake of knowledge, becoming obsessed with the†¦show more content†¦He was the eldest son of John Marlowe of the Shoemakers Guild and Katherine Arthur, a Dover girl of yeoman stock (Henderson 275). Upon graduating Kings School, Canterbury, he received a six-year scholarship to Cambridge upon the condition that he studies for the church. He went to Cambridge, but had to be reviewed by the Privy Council before the university could award him his M.A. degree because of his supposed abandonment of going to church. He was awarded his degree in July of 1587 at the age of twenty-three after the Privy Council had convinced Cambridge authorities that he had behaved himself orderly and discreetly whereby he had done Her Majesty good service (Henderson 276). After this, he completed his education from Cambridge over a period of six years. During this time he wrote some plays, including Hero and Leander, along with translating others, such as Ovids Amores and Book I of Lucans Pharsalia (Henderson 276). During the next five years he lived in London where he wrote and produced some of his plays and traveled a great deal on government commissions, something that he had done while trying t o earn his M.A. degree. In 1589, however, he was imprisoned for taking part in a street fight in which a man was killed; later he was discharged with a warning to keep the peace (Henderson 276). He failed to do so; three years later he wasShow MoreRelatedDoctor Faustus As A Tragic Hero3066 Words   |  13 PagesTragical History of Doctor Faustus in times of philosophical and religious debate. This was also a time when people began to openly explore the forbidden knowledge of magic as a way of testing the religious parameters set in the Renaissance period. Aristotle has basic characteristics that involve making a person a tragic hero in a story. A character must be noble, respected, knowledgeable, but also human and not perfect. Doctor Faustus exhibits these characteristics. Faustus is an intelligent manRead MoreChristopher Marlowe s Dr. Faustus1706 Words   |  7 PagesChristopher Marlowe’s Dr. Faustus is a complex character. Whether or not to feel pity for the misguided scholar is a debatable issue, but he does seem to possess some â€Å"evil† qualities. Some consider him a tragic hero, while others would argue he better fulfills the role of a villain. But really, who is Dr. Faustus? Taking into consideration the defining characteristics of both the tragic hero and the villain while comparing them to the doctor leads one to the conclusion that Faustus does not completelyRead MoreDr Faustus as a Tragedy855 Words   |  4 PagesQ.1. Discuss Dr Faustus as a tragedy. Tragedy – Definition Aristotle defines a tragedy as a ‘representation of an action which is important, complete and limited in length. It is enacted not recited and by arousing pity and fear, it gives an outlet to emotions of this type.’ However, for the Elizabethans, more specifically for Marlowe and Shakespeare, tragedy is not a restrictive view of human excellence or weakness as the Greeks are often inclined to present but an affirmative view of humanRead MoreDr Faustus as a Tragic Hero4240 Words   |  17 PagesDoctor Faustus as a tragic hero Doctor Faustus is the most famous play of Christopher Marlowe and this play alone has perhaps made that his name will be mortal in the history of English literature and English drama. This play shows that he was of high skilled as a playwright and he could write very good drama. It is a tragedy of Doctor Faustus that is the main point of this play. Before moving on further, we should discuss about the definition of a tragic hero. A tragic hero is obviously a heroRead MoreWhat Do the Representations of Cleopatra in Film and on Television (as Shown on the Dvd Video ‘Cleopatra’) Tell Us About How Her Reputation Changed over Time? Discuss with Reference to Two or Three Representations.1195 Words   |  5 PagesMarlowe’s Doctor Faustus. Discuss how the passage contributes to the portrayal of Faustus as a tragic hero, paying particular attention to Marlowe’s use of language. What is a tragic hero? A tragic hero is usually the main protagonist whose best trait is generally his weakest leading to an internal struggle which leads to his tragic demise. This stimulates the audience into feelings of pity, empathy and compassion towards him despite his actions. In the passage from Doctor Faustus we can seeRead MoreDoctor Faustus : The Relationship Of Mephastophilis And Faustus1597 Words   |  7 PagesDoctor Faustus: The Relationship of Mephastophilis and Faustus In Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus, the tragic protagonist Faustus finds himself tired of his previous pursuits in logic, medicine, law and religion. He falls upon the decision to explore a new and taboo area of knowledge: the black arts. Once he settles on this idea, he begins a relentless endeavor to quench his thirst for higher knowledge, wealth and success through learning supernatural powers. Alas, his admirable ambition andRead MoreThe Differences Between Beowulf And Faustus1757 Words   |  8 PagesThere are two stories which one can analyze and put into comparison, that being the stories of the mighty Beowulf and that of the arrogant Doctor Faustus. In Beowulf a story is told from the view of a warrior becoming a hero and displaying amazing feats. While in Christopher Marlowe â€Å"Doctor Faustus†, he is recognized as an ambitious self- centered individual with an eager sensation to learn more knowledge of the Arts. He decided to takes his learning a step further and ultimately becomes his mainRead MorePsychological Anxieties in English Literature Essay1965 Words   |  8 Pagestheir Hero’s psychological turmoil in their work are true representation of the spirit of their age. The tragic study of Doctor Faustus and Paul morel’s disintegration as a modern man lay in their psychological struggles within the soul and body but dealing of the subject was powerfully influenced by the prevailing circumstances of its age. The Age of Christopher Marlowe Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus as an individual was an absorption of the spirit of Renaissance, the conception which portrays â€Å"the struggleRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Doctor Faustus And Tamburlaine2059 Words   |  9 PagesMarlowe’s Doctor Faustus and Tamburlaine were both written in the late fifteen hundreds, in the midst of a paradigm shift between medieval and renaissance thinking. The period of uncertainty that provides the context to the two texts ensures that both plays have a mixture of medieval morality play conventions and modern renaissance features. Both Marlowe’s central protagonists are Renaissance heroes, one in Christian setting and one in Muslim setting. The instability of the time is reflected in Marlowe’sRead More Comparing Christopher Marlow’s Doctor Faustus and William Shakespeare’s Macbeth2460 Words   |  10 PagesKnowledge and Power in Christopher Marlow’s Doctor Faustus and William Shakespeare’s Mac beth Plays written during the Renaissance often show how an individual is shaped by that person’s deepest ambitions, such as the desire to know, to rule, or to love, and how these aspirations can lead people down dramatic paths.   Christopher Marlow’s Doctor Faustus and William Shakespeare’s Macbeth both involve noble protagonists who are portrayed as true subjects -   tragic heroes; their selfhood is defined by their

Mesoamerican civilization Free Essays

In the civilization of the North and South America people, farming started later than the Afroeurasian. But the American civilization started on its own as opposed to the dependence of lending and borrowing of ideas from one community as was witnessed in the Afroeurasian civilization. The argument about the Mesoamerican civilization has been as a result of single culture (known as ‘mother culture’), while others claim that it was through learning and copying from others that the civilization developed, i. We will write a custom essay sample on Mesoamerican civilization or any similar topic only for you Order Now e. ‘sister culture’. The civilization arguments has to a larger extend been linked to the Olmec influence.   This is because the Olmec has been considered as the earliest civilization groups in the Mesoamerica. Hence some of its earliest civilization practices can only be found within the heartland of Olmec while others are beyond the heartland of Olmec. Some of the artifacts that are only found in the heartland of Olmec include colosal heads, earthen platform and monolith alters.   There have also been cases where other Olmec style artifacts have been found in other different areas. There are objects that have been considered to be of Olmec – traditions in areas that are out side the heartland of Olmec appearing together with the traditional objects of that place.   For instance, at Las Socas, objects created in local tradition contain Olmec iconography (Reilly, p 371). This indicates that the traditional of Olmec was flowing from the Olmec heartland towards other areas and not vice versa.   In this case the argument of Olmec to be of the â€Å"mother culture† arises.   Michael D Doe is one of the proponents who argue that the Olmecs had a mother culture. â€Å"There is now little doubt that all later civilization †¦ whether Mexican or Maya, ultimately rest on an Olmec base,† (Coe, 2002, pp 62). Those advocating for ‘sister culture’ feel that the Olmec civilization took place simultaneously with the other places.   The argument is based on the fact that Olmec was only among the earliest equal civilizers.   Flannery and Marcus have agued that it is only through competitive interactive that civilization can take place.   â€Å"It is adoptive autonomy and frequ3ent competitive interaction of such chiefdoms that speed up evolution and eventually make useful technologies and sociopolitical strategic available to all regions†, (Flannery Marcus, 2000. pp. 33). Therefore, looking at both the arguments of the mother culture and sister culture, it is not right to agree that the Olmecs civilization was a mother culture.   For instance, according to Pool (N.d), The Olmecs of San Lorenzo were only a handful of societies in the Americas that had achieved comparable degree of social and political integration by the end of the second millennium B.C. On the other hand, sociopolitical complexity varied among Olmec societies within the Gulf coast region, the intensity and effects of interaction with the Olmecs varied across Mesoamerica, and other Formative societies made significant contribution to the developemtn of a distinctively Mesoamerica civilization tradition, (Pp 2). The use of the term formative (preclassic) was developed by Gordon Wiley and Philip Philips (1955, 1958), â€Å"Where it indicated the village agricultural threshold and/or sedentary life†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Pool, Pp.8). The formative period has various prehispanic historical changes taking place.   Before 200 B.C. most of the inhabitants lived in small bands that were characterized by several mobility and their main activity being hunting and gathering.   Then came the development of a lot of urban centers by 300 A.D.   These urban centers came about because with time, the mobility was reduced and the group settled into larger groups and thus staying at one place for longer period than before. The increased settlement was influenced by the fact that people have increased domestication of crops and had also indicated the storage facilities.   â€Å"In the initial formative period (2000-2500 B.C.)†¦The processes of domestication and sedentarization combined to foster the spread of settled farming villages over much of the area that was becoming Mesoamerica,† (Pool, pp.8). The early societies of America shared the hunting and gathering activities with the other societies across the boarders.   These behaviors changed among the communities, as they become more settled and avoided movements.   This lead to the emergence of social hierarchies, centralized governments, and various religious concepts.   Their neighbours adopted the practices that emerged from one culture to another, including the Olmecs Like all other complex societies of the America, the Olmecs also depended on this hunting gathering, domestication of food and animal as well as fishing for their daily needs.   These activities enabled them to build strong social and political hierarchies that integrated many other small communities. Mesoamerican Religion In pre classical periods of the Mesoamerican people religion developed due to the influence of the seasonal cycles, â€Å"In their world –view, the development of the corn plant was one of the principle archetypes.   Another intrinsically tied to the former was the archetype of the alternating powers of fire and water, derived from the division of the year into two seasons, then dry and rainy seasons†, (Obafemi Olupona, 2004, Pp 199). The Mayan community of the Mesoamerica developed their religion because of the belief that there was a relationship that existed between the human being and the supernatural power.   They nurtured and developed this belief to the extend of giving human sacrifices to the gods.   High priests of the Mayan religion performed the human sacrifices.   The key aspect of this religion was the great importance it gave to the agriculture and the time timeless of the harvests. â€Å"The Mayan religious calendar Ezolkin comprised of only 200 days and two cycles each comprises of weeks spanning 30 days and 20 days.   Another calendar called tun comprised of 360 days and five added unlucky days† The Mayan believed in the cycles of rails and to the harvest of the produce.   They considered the agriculture product to be a gift from God.   To the Mayans, human beings were supposed to be attuned to the cyclical changes so that they can obtain more benefits from them. The offering of sacrifices, of both human and animal was meant to appease the gods.   Songs and dances as well as competitions accompanied the sacrifices.   There was no separation of civil and religious life. Therefore, the kings acted as both rulers and principal intermediaries between human beings and gods. The other reason that was behind sacrifices was that, many gods needed human support which if was not forthcoming; they may weaken and eventually die. Life after death was determined by the position that a person held before the demise. Therefore if a person held a high status position on earth, that position will still be held even after death. While those with lower positions held again the same positions. About the universe, the Mayas believed that the universe would continue to be created and destroyed continuously.   The cycle for the destruction would be taking place after a period of about 5000 years.   The destruction and creation would be the exact duplicate of the previous one.   They perceived the earth to be the back of the giant caiman that was floating in the pool, with the exposed part being flat with four comers.   Above the earth, was the human with 13 levels (7 going up, and 6 going down), (http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761580499_2/Pre-Columbian_Religions.html). This was of the same oscillation as the rising setting of the sun. The Maya gods and goddesses formed a family (pantheon), each having four color aspects.   The religious followers believed in deities in heaven, but also having counterparts on earth and vice versa.   The deities also comprised of counterparts of the opposite sex.   â€Å"For example the supreme celestial god Itzama, the aged patron of culture and learning.   Kinich Ahau, the sun god, may have been a youthful aspect of Itzama in addition to being his son†, (http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761580499_2/Pre-Columbian_Religions.html). Like the Mayan, the Aztec believed in the destruction and creation of the universe, but that had multiple differences. They believed to be living in the fifth and final universe, which they considered to be the fifth sun. In this case, they believed that there would be no sixth universe after the fifth destruction, and that there was escape or avoiding of this destruction but it could only have been delayed. The sun was considered to be a warrior that fought a continuous unending war against darkness. Therefore, as long as the sun was still fighting, the fifth universe could not be destroyed. To make sure that the sun continued with the fights, they offered blood it through sacrifices. The sacrifices were especially of human who were war captives. Befitting their central role as allies of the sun, the Aztecs thought they lived at the center of the universe. Their earth was divided into four quadrants, each with typical Mesoamerica color-direction symbolism, though the specific pairings of colors and directions were different from those of the Mayas. The four quarters met at the main temple (Templo Mayor) of Tenochtitlan the Aztec capital. This temple was also the point where supernatural forces from the heavens and the underworld came together. The heavens were composed of 13 ascending levels. The sun, the moon, the planets, and the stars traveled through the lower levels. The upper levels were the homes of winds, storms, colors, and remote gods. The underworld contained 9 levels, all descending, unpleasant, and dangerous, (http://www.angelfire.com/realm/shades/nativeamericans/precolumbionrel4.htm). The pantheon of the gods and goddesses of the Aztec were more complex and performing different overlapping functions at different ceremonial functions. The gods were related to different practices. For instance, the Tlaloc was the rain god. There were also the gods that were related to the agricultural produce and deities related to fertility. Bibliography Coe, M.D (2002): Mexico: from the Olmecs to the Aztecs, London, Thames and Hudson. Flannery, K. Marcus, J. (2000); A Formative Mexico Chiefdoms and the myth of the Mother culture; a Journal of Anthropological Archeology, Vols. 19. Issues 1. History of Religion Manna Religion Retrieved on 2nd Nov. 2007 from http://www.clearleadinc.com/site/religion.html Obafemi J. Olupona K. (2004):   Beyond Primitivism Indigenous Religious Traditions and Modernity, Routledge, ISBN 041527 320X. Pool A. Christopher (N.d):   Olmec Archeology and Early Mesoamerica, Retrieved on 2nd Nov 2007 from  http://assets.cambridge.org/97805217/88823/excerpt/9780521788823_excerpt.pdf Reilly III, F. Kent, (N.d) â€Å"Art, Cultures and Relationship in the Olmec world in Americans Civilization of Mesoamerican: A Recorder, Blackwell publishing Ltd. . How to cite Mesoamerican civilization, Essay examples

Financial Performance of British Airway - Liquidity and Profitability

Question: Describe about the Financial Performance of British Airway for Liquidity and Profitability. Answer: Introduction This report focuses on the subject area of accounting. The primary component of the report is ratio analysis. The report discusses the financial ratios that are derived from the financial statements provided in the annual reports of the two companies, British Airways and Easy Jet. In the report mainly three types of financial ratios are derived profitability ratios, liquidity ratios and efficiency ratios. At the same time, the report also explains the use of ratios at the time of financial planning and during the allocation of resources. At the end of the report, a conclusion is derived by considering the overall findings. Presentation of financial rations of two companies British Airways and Easy Jet are two most popular companies in the airline industry of UK. British Airways was founded in the year 1974 and Easy Jet was founded in the year 1995. Currently, British Airways is having access over total 183 destinations (Britishairways.com 2016). On the other side, Easy Jet is providing airline services for around 134 destinations (Easyjet.com 2016). As per the annual report of these two companies, the financial ratios that are the profitability ratios, liquidity ratios and the efficiency ratios are shown in the below table: Financial ratios of British Airways Financial ratio 2013 2014 2015 Current ratio 0.63 0.65122 0.59649 Quick ratio 0.60622 0.62704 0.57211 Receivable collection period 3.51545 4.14242 4.47675 Inventory turnover period 29.1364 32.4933 47.2833 Table 1: Financial ratios of British Airways for 2013 to 2015 (Source: Britishairways.com 2016) Profitability ratio trend: Figure 1: Profitability ratio trend (Source: Britishairways.com 2016) The above table showing the financial ratios of British Airways shows that the financial performance of the company has improved in terms of profitability of the company. In last three years that are from 2013 to 2015, the operating profit ratios of British Airways have increased gradually. In 2013, the operating profit ratio of the company was 5.70003, which increased to 8.31982 in 2014 and 11.1533 in 2015. On the other side, if the net profit ratio of the company is seen, then it can be observed that the increment in the net profit ratio of the company in 2015 was too much higher than 2013. The difference between the net profit ratio of British Airways in 2014 and 2015 was 16.14 (approx) (Britishairways.com 2016). Liquidity ratio trend: Figure 2: Liquidity ratio trend (Source: Britishairways.com 2016) Efficiency ratio trend: Figure 3: Efficiency ratio trend (Source: Britishairways.com 2016) However, the liquidity position of the company has declined. The receivable collection period of the company is disclosing the fact that the company needs to improve its financial performance because the receivable collection period of British Airways has increased from 2013 to 2015. The same is also applicable if the analysis is done based on the inventory turnover period of the company. Financial ratios of Easy Jet Financial Ratios 2013 2014 2015 Operating profit ratio 11.6721 12.8341 14.682 Net profit ratio 9.34711 9.94036 11.6944 Current ratio 1.05004 0.88803 0.72342 Quick ratio 0.90935 0.74718 0.6069 Receivable collection period 16.6299 16.1255 16.0457 Inventory turnover period 168.195 162.584 140.28 Table 2: Financial ratios of Easy Jet from 2013 to 2015 (Source: Easyjet.com 2016) Profitability ratio trend: Figure 4: Profitability ratio trend (Source: Easyjet.com 2016) As per the financial ratios of Easy Jet shown in the above table, it can be clearly said that the overall performance of the company has been improved from 2013 to 2015. The operating profit ratio of the company has been increased by approx 3% from 2013 to 2015 and in case of the net profit ratio, the percentage increased was approx 2.5%. This is indicating that the financial performance has been improved in the last year (Easyjet.com 2016). Liquidity ratio trend: Figure 5: Liquidity ratio trend (Source: Easyjet.com 2016) Efficiency ratio trend: Figure 6: Efficiency ratio trend (Source: Easyjet.com 2016) However, if the liquidity position of the company is analyzed, then it can be said that the company needs to improve its liquidity positions. The major reason being that, the liquidity rate of the company has decreased gradually from 2013 to 2015. However, the declining percentage of liquidity ratios was nominal. Easy Jet also needs improvements in its inventory management system as it was much high from 2013 to 2015. At the same time, the receivable collection period is also high in this company. However, a static nature in the receivable collection period shows the static performance of the company, which is good. Comparison between the financial performances of the two companies As per the above-mentioned information, it is very clear that the financial performance of Easy Jet was better than the British Airways as per the profitability of the two companies. However, on the other side if the comparison is made between the other financial figures of two companies like, receivable collection period and inventory turnover, it can be mentioned that the position of British Airways was much higher than Easy Jet. In 2015, the profitability or the net profit ratio of British Airways enhanced at a high speed, which indicates the company has performed well in that years. However, in this context, Uechi et al. (2015) commented that the excessive increment in the net profit ratio of the company indicates that either the company has cut down its cost level aggressively. This is because the annual report of the company has mentioned that the revenue has decreased in 2015 than 2014 but the profit has increased in 2015 than 2014. On the other side, if the performance of Easy Jet is considered, then it can be realized that the performance of Easy Jet has been improved in a small percentage. Henry and Robinson (2015) stated that small but continuous growth is better than the fluctuation in the financial performance of the company. Comparison between the financial figures that are stated in the annual reports of the two companies, it can be said that the expenditure level of Easy Jet was more or less static but in British Airways, the expenditure has been highly controlled in 2015 (Kassicieh, Ahluwalia and Majadillas 2015). Apart from the profitability, if the comparison is done as per the liquidity positions of the companies, then it can be clearly observed that the liquidity position of Easy Jet was better than British Airways. In 2015, the current ratio of Easy Jet was 0.72 (approx) whereas, British Airways had the current ratio of 0.59 (approx). However, in this context, it is also noticeable that the liquidity position of Easy Jet has declined gradually, which denotes weak performance of the company. The same thing happened with the quick ratios of the companies. In the last year, the quick ratio of British Airways was 0.57211, whereas, the quick ratio of Easy Jet was 0.6069. As per the efficiency ratios of the two companies in last three years, it can be said that the British Airways is much efficient than Easy Jet. This is because the receivable collection period and the inventory turnover ratios of Easy Jet were much higher than British Airways in last three years. In 2013, British Airways had the receivable collection period of 3.51545, whereas, Easy Jet had the receivable collection period of 16.6299. This indicates that British Airways can convert its receivables in to cash more quickly than Easy Jet. It denotes the efficiency level of British Airways was higher than Easy Jet (Robinson et al. 2015). The same thing is also applicable in case of the inventory turnover period of the two companies. Therefore, it is very important for Easy Jet to improve its efficiency ratios especially the inventory turnover period as soon as possible because the inventory turnover period is too high at Easy Jet. Explaining the use of ratios in financial planning and resource allocation Identifying and analyzing the financial ratios are the most important tasks that the management of the company must do while preparing the financial plan for a particular financial year. Financial ratios are very helpful for preparing proper financial plan and taking the appropriate financial decisions. The use of financial ratios in financial planning can be stated as under: Financial ratios help to understand the efficiency level of the company (Pappa 2015). The management of the company can clearly understand the current level of financial performance of the organization and prepare the financial plan to improve the current situation or to maintain the same. In this context, Wang and Zhou (2016) argued that the ratio analysis of a company is done after the completion of a financial year. Therefore, the companies cannot take any effective measures for handling the uncertain situation because the planning is already done. However, Yadav (2015) commented that as the ratios are stated in the numerical form, management can understand the result clearly. The chances of taking wrong decision or wrong planning is very less if the financial ratios are considered. Financial ratios help to predict the future easily. If the management looks at the profitability ratios of the previous few years, then they can easily understand the trend of financial performance of the company. Therefore, it becomes easier for them to predict the future accurately. However, Healy and Palepu (2012) commented that as the financial ratios are dependent of the past data, it cannot predict the future accurately. However, in most of the companies, the financial planning is done based on the financial ratios, which denotes the importance of ratios in financial planning. The financial ratios of the company help to understand the financial performance trend and liquidity position of the company (Wang and Zhou 2016). Therefore, by using the financial ratios, the company can identify the areas of deficiencies. Therefore, it becomes easier to take the effective measures to reduce or remove the deficiencies in the present and future financial years. Ratio analysis helps the management of the organization or the financial planners to understand the financial statements in a simple way. However, Uechi et al. (2015) believed that the financial statements of the companies are already prepared in numerical terms and so the management of the companies can easily understand the performance level just by checking the financial statements (Wang and Zhou 2016). Therefore, the planning can be done in a better way. The ratio analysis also helps to compare the financial performance of a particular company with the other companies in the same industry (Kassicieh, Ahluwalia and Majadillas 2015). Therefore using the ratios, the management can prepare the competitive financial plan for the future days Other than the financial plan, the financial ratio analysis also helps to allocate the resources in a proper way. Ratio analysis helps to identify the resource allocation and resource use in the past financial years. This helps to identify how effectively the company has used the resources in the previous financial years. If the company identifies that the use of resources in the past years was not so effective, then the management can easily take the effective measures to enhance the resource utility (Robinson et al. 2015). At the same time, the management of the companies can also identify whether there is any inappropriate allocation was done in the previous financial years or not. If any inappropriate resource allocation is made in the previous years, then the management can take effective measures to improve the situation (Henry and Robinson 2015). On the other side, the liquidity ratios of the company show the proportion of the liquid assets in a particular financial year in comparison to the liquid liabilities (Wang and nanceZhou 2016). The management can take effective strategies if the liquid asset is less than the liquid liabilities. Therefore, proper allocation of the assets can be done with the help of financial ratio analysis. Conclusion In this report, it has been identified that the financial performance of British Airways was weak in respected to the liquidity and profitability. However, in the year 2015, the profitability of the company has been improved at the high level. On the other side, in case of the other company that is Easy Jet, the profitability increased at more or less static rate. The liquidity position of Easy Jet was better than British Airways in last three years but the performance of the easy Jet has declined. The inventory management system at Easy Jet also needs improvement because it was much high in last three years. Reference list: Britishairways.com. 2016. Book Flights, Holidays Check In Online | British Airways. [online] Available at: https://www.britishairways.com/ [Accessed 1 Aug. 2016]. Easyjet.com. 2016. Check out these great easyJet flights.. [online] Available at: https://www.easyjet.com/en/ [Accessed 1 Aug. 2016]. Healy, P.M. and Palepu, K.G., 2012.Business Analysis Valuation: Using Financial Statements. Cengage Learning. Henry, E. and Robinson, T.R., 2015. Chapter 1. Financial Statement Analysis: An Introduction.CFA Institute Investment Books,2015(2), pp.1-35. Kassicieh, S., Ahluwalia, S. and Majadillas, M.A., 2015. Financial analysis in management of technology programs: links in a clinical approach.Technological Forecasting and Social Change,100, pp.66-77. Pappa, A., 2015. Financial statement analysis of a multinational company and equity valuation of computer-based technology group. Robinson, T.R., Henry, E., Pirie, W.L. and Broihahn, M.A., 2015.International financial statement analysis. John Wiley Sons. Uechi, L., Akutsu, T., Stanley, H.E., Marcus, A.J. and Kenett, D.Y., 2015. Sector dominance ratio analysis of financial markets.Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications,421, pp.488-509. Wang, D. and Zhou, F., 2016. The Application of Financial Analysis in Business Management.Open Journal of Business and Management,4(03), p.471. Yadav, R.J., 2015. Innovative Approach of Financial Statement Analysis from Bankers' Perspectives-a Case Study.The MA Journal,50(8), pp.76-83.